What documentation is essential to maintain the integrity and traceability of collected samples?

• A. Verbal notes.
• B. Only the sample bag label.
• C. Labeling, chain-of-custody documentation, secure storage.
• D. No documentation necessary.

Answer: (C)

Maintaining sample integrity and traceability relies on a record that shows exactly what was collected, who handled it, when, and where it has been stored. The best practice combines three elements: proper labeling, a complete chain-of-custody record, and secure storage.

Labeling provides a unique identifier on the sample that links it to its documentation. The chain-of-custody documentation records every transfer and handling event—who touched the sample, at what time, and where it went next—creating an auditable trail. Secure storage protects the sample from tampering and degradation, keeping it in a controlled environment until analysis.

Verbal notes alone can be misinterpreted or lost; a label by itself doesn’t capture custody history or the transfer record; and having no documentation offers no verifiable trail. Together, labeling, custody documentation, and secure storage ensure the sample’s integrity and defensible results.